Migisha Magnifique, umukozi wa CMA ushinzwe iyamamazabikorwa
Ubuyobozi bw’Ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura isoko ry’imari n’imigabane (Capital Market Authority) CMA, bugaragaza ko bukomeje urugendo rwo kumenyesha Abanyarwanda akamaro k’iryo soko kabone n’ubwo bigaragara ko batangiye kugenda baryitabira kandi bikagaragaza impinduka.
Ibyo biratangazwa n’Umukozi ushinzwe iyamamazabikorwa mu kigo kigenzura isoko ry’imari n’imigabane (CMA) Migisha Magnifique uvuga ko isoko ry’imari n’imigabane rigiye kumara imyaka 11 rikorera mu Rwanda, bukaba ari uburyo bushya buha amahirwe abafite ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi cyangwa abashoramari kugira ngo babone amafaranga y’igihe kirekire.
Ku rundi ruhande iryo soko ry’imari n’imigabane rinafasha abakeneye kuzigama no gushora imari, nk’uko abisobanura uwifuza kugura impapuro mpeshwamwenda cyangwa imigabane anyura ku bo bita ‘Abahuza’.
Agira ati: “Mu myaka ishize Abanyarwanda bumvaga ko ahantu bashobora gukura amafaranga ari muri za banki gusa, ariko byagaragaye ko buri gihembwe Leta y’u Rwanda iza kuri iryo soko kugira ngo ihakure amafaranga ikoresha mu guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo ndetse inagamije kurizamura, ibyo bikerekana akamaro rifitiye igihugu kandi n’abahashora imari bakaba bagenda biyongera mu buryo butandukanye.”
Migisha atangaza ko umubare w’abitabira ugenda uzamuka bitewe n’uburyo bagenda bashishikarizwa kandi hakaba n’abamaze kumenya aho barushaho kubona inyungu mu buzima bwabo bwa buri munsi.
Nk’uko abigarukaho, avuga akamaro k’isoko ry’imari n’imigabane, agaragaza ko ririho ibicuruzwa bitandukanye birimo imigabane y’amasosiyete atandukanye y’ubucuruzi agera ku 8 harimo 4 y’u Rwanda n’andi 4 ava muri Kenya, hakaba gushora imari mu bigo by’ubucuruzi, hari ugushora imari mu mpapuro mpeshwamwenda (Bonds) za Leta y’u Rwanda ishyira kuri iryo soko cyangwa ibigo bitandukanye biba byaje kuri iryo soko ngo biguze amafaranga ku bantu batandukanye.
Avuga ko hanariho n’ahagenewe gahunda y’Iterambere Fund aho buri Munyarwanda wese abasha kwibona na wa wundi uhera ku mafaranga 2.000 akaba yahisanga.
Migisha asobanura ko kampani cyangwa sosiyete kugira ngo ishobore kujya kuri iryo soko ry’imari n’imigabane bisaba kureba niba iyobowe neza ndetse no kureba niba bandika neza ibitabo by’ibaruramari byazo mu buryo bugaragaza neza ibyinjira n’ibisohoka kandi zikaba zinakorera mu rwunguko.
Migisha kandi atangariza Imvaho Nshya ko hariho gahunda y’imyaka 10 yiswe “Capital Market Master plan”, iyo gahunda ikaba igamije kureba uburyo isoko ryarushaho kwaguka rikagirira akamaro Abanyarwanda batandukanye.
Ati: “Iyo gahunda yatangiye umwaka ushize wa 2018 harimo gufasha mbere na mbere abakeneye amafaranga yo gukoresha kugira ngo bayabone mu buryo bworoshye hamwe no kurushaho kwegera Abanyarwanda batandukanye kugira ngo bagane iri soko. Mbese iyo gahunda ifasha impande z’abakeneye imari ndetse n’abakeneye aho kuzigama.”
Migisha akomoza ku mbogamizi nke zikigaragara, avuga ko ahanini zishingiye ku kuba umuco wo kuzigama utarakura cyane, nyamara ari isoko ritanga amahirwe no ku bakiyubaka badafite amikoro ahambaye.
Avuga ko mu gukuraho izo mbogamizi bajya mu bigo by’amashuri makuru na kaminuza kandi bakaryitabira binyuze mu matsinda y’ubwizigame no gushora imari babanje kuyashyira hamwe bakabona kuyazana kuri iryo soko ry’imari n’imigabane.
Migisha akomeza ashishikariza Abanyarwanda kurushaho kubona amahirwe iryo soko ryazanye bakaryitabira bizigama kubera ko amafaranga ahashyizwe aba ashobora kwifashishwa na nyirayo nk’ingwate mu gihe bifuza inguzanyo muri banki.
Ati: “N’ibyo birashoboka kuyatangaho ingwate, ariko iyo watanze ayo mafaranga nk’ingwate nta bwo biba byemewe kuyigurisha utararangiza kwishyura inguzanyo wasabye.”
Nk’uko asobanura, ku muntu wifuje kugura imigabane muri sosiyete runaka, icyo gihe bagabana inyungu n’ibihombo, ariko mu gihe iyo sosiyete yakoze neza ikunguka na we akabyungukiramo.
Mulisa Veronique utuye mu murenge wa Nyamabuye mu karere ka Muhanga, avuga ko atarafata umwanzuro wo kwitabira isoko ry’imari n’imigabane kuko atarasobanukirwa neza imikorere yaryo cyane cyane ibyerekeranye n’impapuro mpeshwamwenda, akaba asaba ko abaturage bakwegerwa bakamarwa impungenge kandi bakagira amakuru kuri iryo soko ntibatahire kuryumva gusa kuko ari byo bituma benshi bibwira ko ari iry’abishoboye.
Kimwe n’andi masoko, ku isoko ry’imari n’imigabane n’aho haba hari ugurisha n’umuguzi, umwihariko uhari akaba ari uko aba bombi bagira umuhuza (brokers).
Ugurisha imigabane yegera umuhuza akamwereka umubare w’iyo afite n’igiciro cyayo n’ugura akamusanga akamubwira iyo yifuza n’amafaranga afite akamugira inama. Igiciro kigenwa hagendewe ku ihame ry’igura n’igurisha.
Carine Kayitesi
